China Multigenerational Panel Database-Liaoning

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Introduction

The China Multi-Generational Panel Dataset - Liaoning (CMGPD-LN) is drawn from the population registers compiled by the Imperial Household Agency (neiwufu) in Shengjing, currently the northeast Chinese province of Liaoning, between 1749 and 1909. It provides 1.5 million triennial observations of more than 260,000 residents from 698 communities. The population mainly consists of immigrants from North China who settled in rural Liaoning during the early eighteenth century, and their descendants. The data provide socioeconomic, demographic, and other characteristics for individuals, households, and communities, and record demographic outcomes such as marriage, fertility, and mortality. The data also record specific disabilities for a subset of adult males. Additionally, the collection includes monthly and annual grain price data, custom records for the city of Yingkou, as well as information regarding natural disasters, such as floods, droughts, and earthquakes. This dataset is unique among publicly available population databases because of its time span, volume, detail, and completeness of recording, and because it provides longitudinal data not just on individuals, but on their households, descent groups, and communities.

Shortname

CMGPD-LN

IDS compatible

Period

1749 - 1909

Territory

North and south-central Liaoning, China

Contact information

Organisation

HKUST

Web Address

http://www.ust.hk

Location

Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong

Contact Persons

Cameron Campbell

camcam@ust.hk

Citation

Lee, James Z., and Cameron D. Campbell. China Multi-Generational Panel Dataset, Liaoning (CMGPD-LN), 1749-1909. ICPSR27063-v10. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributor], 2016-09-06. http://doi.org/10.3886/ICPSR27063.v10

Questionnaire
Download questionnaire
The questionnaire was submitted on 22 September 2016 by Cameron Campbell.

Scope / Status

Current status

Completed and publicly released. Constructed in the period of 1983-2010.

Sample definition

1. Which source forms the basis for the sample? Household registers compiled every three years for populations affiliated with the Eight Banners in Liaoning, including tenants on Eight Banner land. 2. Sampling units: Individuals. 3. Variables used for selection: Age, gender, marital status, other? All available. 4. Selection method: Random, stratified random, total count, clustered, other? All available. We entered 29 sets of registers in their entirety. These were selected from available sets based on their completeness. Other sets had more gaps between extent registers.

Keywords

history, demography, population register, China, multi-generational

Sources

From year	End year	Source	Explanation	PDF
1749	1909	Population registers ( maintained by church or state)		PDF

Collection procedure

• The data was collected and transcribed in 1983-2010.
• Data collection method by transcription from microfilm and scanned images. Transcription by individuals from scanned sources, including LDS microforms and scans.
• Purpose of the transcription: research, though we turned our name index over to the LDS.
• The checking of the transcription was done continually by consistency checking of the variables.
• Control methods by researcher: numerous consistency checks along these lines.
• Data collection staff: coders hired on an ad hoc basis.

Observations

Units of observation

Unit of observation	Explanation	Number
Individuals		260,000
Marriages	Counts depend on definitions.
Families/households
Institutions	Populations were organized by state institution	29
Communities		698

Are there any related observations that are not included in the database?

There are additional registers from the region that we have not coded.

How do the units of observation enter observation?

Individuals: Appear in a triennial register. Households: Recorded in cross-section every three years.

How do the units of observation leave observation?

Departure annotated in a triennial register.

Dates estimated

Yes.

Are some entry or exit dates unknown?

Yes.

Can observations be linked to geographic locations?

Yes

Are the dates and locations of movements within the observation area recorded?

Yes

Are all individuals who lived in the households of sample members recorded?

Partly

All, except for daughters, and boys who died early.

Linkage

• Which sources and units of observation have been linked? - Triennial registers, longitudinally. Family members and ancestry. • Documentation of linking: Manual linkage of individuals across triennial registers, programme linkage of individuals to their kin. • Name of software used: STATA • What are the rules for linking? Name, location in register, age, other information. • How is linkage represented in the database? All individuals are assigned a unique identifier. • Linkage percentage: Nearly complete. • Quality of linkage (own evaluation): Awesome.

Variables

Events

Coding / Reference systems

Locations (including geo-referenced systems): Latitude/longitude

Data representation

Available as a delimited rectangular file, and in various formats for common statistical programs such as STATA, SPSS, SAS.

Kinship relations

Recording

Patrilineal kinship (multiple variables available).

Depth of information

Six generations.

Publications

1. Main publications about the database itself (max. 5)

Lee, J.Z., Campbell, C.D., & Chen, S. (2010). China Multi-Generational Panel Dataset, Liaoning (CMGPD-LN) 1749-1909. User Guide. Ann Arbor, MI: Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research. Download.
Dong, H., Campbell, C., Kurosu, S., Yang, W., & Lee, J.Z. (2015). New sources for comparative social science: Historical population panel data from East Asia. Demography, 52 (3), 1061-1088. Download.

2. Main or exemplary publications on research based on the database (max. 5)

Lee, J., & Campbell, C. (1997). Fate and Fortune in Rural China: Social Organization and Population Behavior in Liaoning, 1774-1873. Cambridge University Press.
Xi, S., Campbell, C., & Lee, J.Z (2015). Ancestry Matters: Patrilineage Growth and Extinction. American Sociological Review, 80(3), 574-602. Download.
Cameron, C., & Lee, J.Z. (2011). Kinship and the Long-Term Persistence of Inequality in Liaoning, China, 1749-2005. Chinese Sociological Review, 44(1), 71-104. PMCID: PMC23596557.
Tsuya, N. O., Campbell, C., & Feng, W. (2010). Reproduction: Models and Sources. Chapter 3 in Noriko Tsuya, Wang Feng, George Alter, James Z. Lee et al. Prudence and Pressure: Reproduction and Human Agency in Europe and Asia, 1700-1900. MIT Press, 39-64.
Campbell, C., & Lee, J. (2008). Kin Networks, Marriage, and Social Mobility in Late Imperial China. Social Science History, 32(2), 175-214.

European Historical Population Samples Network

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